(calcium ammonium nitrate vs calcium nitrate)
Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and calcium nitrate represent distinct fertilizer categories with unique chemical structures. CAN combines ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate in granulated form (27% N, 20% CaO typically), featuring dual nitrogen sources with immediate and delayed release characteristics. Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂), containing 15.5% nitrogen and 19% calcium, exists as water-soluble crystals or prills. While both provide calcium and nitrogen, the critical divergence emerges in nitrogen composition: CAN contains both ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, whereas calcium nitrate delivers nitrogen exclusively in nitrate form. This structural difference dictates solubility patterns, soil interaction behaviors, and seasonal application effectiveness across various agricultural scenarios.
Field studies demonstrate measurable differences in crop response to these nitrate formulations. Wheat trials in alkaline soils (pH 8.2) show CAN producing 12.4% higher yields than calcium nitrate equivalents due to reduced volatilization losses. Conversely, lettuce production using fertigation systems records 18% greater calcium uptake with calcium nitrate solutions. The blended nitrogen in CAN provides sustained nutrition over 6-8 weeks, while calcium nitrate's rapid availability peaks within 14 days. Cost-efficiency analysis reveals CAN delivers nitrogen at $0.87/lb versus calcium nitrate's $1.12/lb, though premium-grade calcium nitrate justifies its price point in precision horticulture requiring immediate calcium correction. Rain simulation tests confirm CAN maintains 76% nitrogen retention after 50mm precipitation compared to calcium nitrate's 63%.
Property | Calcium Ammonium Nitrate | Calcium Nitrate |
---|---|---|
Solubility at 20°C | 180g/100ml | 121g/100ml |
pH influence | Neutral (soil pH 6.5-7.2) | Alkalizing (+0.3-0.5 pH) |
N release onset | 3-5 days (nitrate) + 2-3 weeks (ammonium) | Immediate (within 24 hours) |
Calcium mobility | Medium (root zone concentration) | High (xylem translocation) |
Salt index | Low (30% below alternatives) | Moderate (requires irrigation management) |
Calcium nitrate demonstrates superior miscibility in fertigation systems due to crystalline dissolution properties, achieving complete solubility within 45 seconds. CAN exhibits temperature-dependent dissolution patterns - granule integrity remains intact below 10°C but rapidly disintegrates above 15°C. Soil interaction studies show CAN stabilizes pH fluctuations in acidic soils (below pH 5.8) through carbonate buffering, while calcium nitrate optimizes alkaline conditions by countering sodium accumulation. Laboratory analysis confirms CAN reduces aluminum toxicity by 24-31% in highly weathered soils compared to calcium nitrate treatments.
Producer | CAN Products | Calcium Nitrate Grades | Regional Preference |
---|---|---|---|
Yara International | YaraLiva CAN-27 (granular) | YaraLiva Tropicote (prilled) | Europe, North America |
Haifa Group | Haifa CAN Opti | Haifa Cal™ solutions (liquid) | Mediterranean, Asia |
Nutrien Solutions | Florikan CRF (controlled-release) | Pulse™ Foliar (soluble) | Americas |
EuroChem Group | Nitrophoska CAN | Ammo™ Crystal | Eastern Europe |
Manufacturers increasingly differentiate products through coating technologies and additives. CAN variations now include polymer-coated options extending nitrogen availability to 90 days, while calcium nitrate innovations incorporate organic acids enhancing calcium uptake by 40%. Packaging innovations show divergence with CAN predominantly supplied in 750kg bulk bags versus calcium nitrate's 25kg moisture-proof bags. Production data indicates CAN manufacturing requires specialized ammonization facilities (average 600,000 tonne/year capacity plants), while calcium nitrate facilities average 200,000 tonnes. Geographical distribution patterns show CAN represents 65% of European nitrate usage versus calcium nitrate's dominance (72%) in North American specialty crops.
Soil chemistry dictates different application protocols for nitrate optimization. Calcium nitrate demonstrates superior performance in solanaceous crops during fruit development stages through foliar application (1.2% solution biweekly), while CAN excels as basal dressing for cereals at sowing (350-400kg/hectare). Advanced conversion techniques enable ammonium nitrate extraction from CAN through controlled dissolution at 45°C followed by fractional crystallization. Field technicians implement conversion for customized N-P-K blends, though direct purchase remains more economical above 10-tonne quantities. Critical application timing differs significantly - CAN requires pre-monsoon application before heavy rainfall, while calcium nitrate applications should correspond with peak vegetative growth stages regardless of seasonal conditions.
Brazilian soybean operations demonstrate CAN's advantage in no-till systems, with 18.7% higher nitrogen retention in cover-cropped fields than calcium nitrate. Californian grape growers reported 29% reduction in blossom end rot using calcium nitrate fertigation during veraison versus CAN treatments. Wheat farming cooperatives in Ukraine track increased profitability of $37.50/acre using CAN in crop rotation systems. Rice farmers in Vietnam achieve calcium optimization through calcium nitrate foliar spray at tillering stage (2kg/100L solution), reducing stem weakness by 44%. Controlled-environment trials in Dutch tomato greenhouses document calcium nitrate's superiority with 27.8kg/m² yield compared to 25.4kg/m² under CAN regimens.
Choosing appropriate nitrate formulations requires evaluating four critical parameters: soil pH profile, precipitation patterns, crop calcium demand timing, and economic constraints. Acidic soils (below pH 6.0) strongly favor CAN with its pH-buffering carbonate components, while alkaline conditions necessitate calcium nitrate. High-rainfall regions benefit from CAN's slower leaching profile, but irrigation-controlled environments maximize calcium nitrate's rapid availability. Quick-calcium-demanding crops like apples at fruit set stage require calcium nitrate applications, whereas CAN provides optimal nitrogen scheduling for winter cereals. Economic analysis indicates CAN reduces fertilizer costs by $11-18/acre in broadacre applications, while calcium nitrate's premium delivers ROI exceeding 4:1 in high-value horticulture. Soil testing remains mandatory before nitrate selection - biannual analysis prevents calcium saturation exceeding 68% in continuous usage scenarios.
(calcium ammonium nitrate vs calcium nitrate)
A: Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) contains ammonium, nitrate, and calcium, while calcium nitrate only includes calcium and nitrate. CAN provides nitrogen in two forms (ammonium and nitrate), whereas calcium nitrate delivers nitrogen solely as nitrate. CAN is often used as a fertilizer for balanced nitrogen and calcium supply.
A: To extract ammonium nitrate from CAN, react it with a sulfate salt (e.g., ammonium sulfate). This displaces calcium as calcium sulfate precipitate, leaving ammonium nitrate in solution. Filter and crystallize the solution to isolate ammonium nitrate.
A: Yes, CAN can replace ammonium nitrate in many agricultural applications due to its dual nitrogen forms. However, it provides calcium alongside nitrogen, which may affect soil pH and nutrient balance. Its lower explosion risk also makes it safer for storage and transport.
A: Calcium nitrate is preferred when crops require immediate nitrate nitrogen and calcium without ammonium. It’s ideal for hydroponics or alkaline soils where ammonium from CAN might volatilize. Calcium nitrate also has higher solubility for foliar applications.
A: Yes, ammonium nitrate has higher water solubility (~1500 g/L at 20°C) compared to CAN (~1200 g/L). However, CAN’s lower solubility reduces leaching risks in soils. Both are hygroscopic but require different storage conditions due to stability differences.