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solid sodium hydroxide sds

Safety Data Sheet for Solid Sodium Hydroxide

Chemical Identification

Sodium hydroxide, commonly referred to as caustic soda or lye, is a highly versatile inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It appears as a white solid in pellet or granule form and is known for its strong alkaline properties. Sodium hydroxide is widely used in various industries, including chemical manufacturing, paper production, soap making, and water treatment.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Sodium hydroxide is a hygroscopic substance, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air. Its melting point is approximately 318°C (604°F), and it has a boiling point of around 1390°C (2534°F). The density of sodium hydroxide is about 2.13 g/cm³ and it has a high solubility in water, releasing a significant amount of heat upon dissolution. This characteristic can make its handling particularly hazardous, as uncontrolled dissolution in water can lead to boiling and splattering.

Hazards Identification

Sodium hydroxide is classified as a hazardous substance. It is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns upon contact with skin or eyes. Inhalation of its dust or mist can lead to respiratory irritation or damage. Ingestion is particularly dangerous, as it can result in serious internal injuries or even be fatal. It is important to note that sodium hydroxide can react violently with acids, generating heat and potentially causing splattering and hazardous fumes.

Exposure Limits

Occupational exposure limits for sodium hydroxide vary by country. In general, the permissible exposure limit (PEL) is set by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and is typically around 2 mg/m³ over an 8-hour work shift. It is crucial for workers to adhere to these limits and use suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure.

solid sodium hydroxide sds

First Aid Measures

In the event of exposure to sodium hydroxide, immediate action is required. For skin contact, it is essential to remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. In case of eye contact, rinse the eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention immediately. If sodium hydroxide is ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek medical help immediately, as doing so can cause further damage to the esophagus and throat.

Handling and Storage

Proper handling and storage of sodium hydroxide are critical to ensuring safety. It should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from incompatible substances such as acids, metals, and combustible materials. Containers should be kept tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. When handling sodium hydroxide, it is important to use appropriate PPE, including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing, to avoid direct contact.

Environmental Considerations

Sodium hydroxide should not be released into the environment, as it can cause significant harm to aquatic life and affect the pH of water bodies. In the event of a spill, it is vital to contain and neutralize the substance before disposal. This can typically be done using dilute acids, although care must be taken to manage the reaction safely.

Conclusion

In summary, solid sodium hydroxide is a powerful and widely utilized chemical that requires careful handling due to its corrosive nature. Familiarizing oneself with the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for sodium hydroxide is crucial for anyone who works with this substance. By adhering to proper safety protocols, using appropriate PPE, and being aware of the risks associated with exposure, workers can mitigate potential health hazards and ensure a safe working environment. Proper education and training on sodium hydroxide, along with adherence to handling and storage guidelines, are essential to preventing accidents and protecting both human health and the environment.

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