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Main Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide also widely known as caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda, or caustic soda flakes. It is an important inorganic compound with a wide range of applications. Its main properties can be elucidated from three aspects: physical properties, chemical properties, and safety.

1、 Physical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

The physical properties of sodium hydroxide are significant, mainly including its appearance, solubility, melting point, boiling point, and relative density. Pure sodium hydroxide is a colorless and transparent crystal, but industrial products are mostly white opaque solids due to impurities. It is highly soluble in water, as well as ethanol and glycerol, but insoluble in acetone and ether. This substance has strong hygroscopicity and is easily deliquescent in the air. In addition, the melting point of sodium hydroxide is 318.4 ℃, and its boiling point is as high as 1390 ℃, with a relative density of 2.13 (water=1).

2、 Chemical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

The chemical properties of sodium hydroxide are extremely active, mainly reflected in its strong alkalinity and strong corrosiveness. As a strong base, it can undergo chemical reactions with various substances. For example, it can react with metals such as aluminum and zinc, non-metallic boron and silicon to release hydrogen gas; Disputation reaction occurs with halogens such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc; Neutralizes with acids to produce salts and water. These reaction properties make sodium hydroxide widely applicable in industrial production.

3、 Sodium Hydroxide Safety

Although sodium hydroxide has many applications in industry and daily life, its strong corrosiveness and irritability also pose significant safety hazards. When in contact with sodium hydroxide in work or life, strict protective measures must be taken, such as wearing protective goggles, rubber gloves, etc. If sodium hydroxide accidentally splashes onto the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention promptly. In addition, special attention should be paid to the storage and transportation of sodium hydroxide, which should be kept away from sources of fire and heat, and the storage environment should be well ventilated.

In summary, sodium hydroxide plays an important role in multiple fields due to its unique physical properties, active chemical properties, and special attention to safety. While utilizing its superior performance, we must also fully recognize its potential hazards and take corresponding safety measures to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.

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